The COVID-19 pandemic has once again brought into relief and tension the delicate balancing act modern governments must strike in assuring individual liberties of its citizens, while at the same time dealing with infectious diseases and other public health risks. It is not clear how best to strike t…

The need to understand, explain and define the traits and tools of the organization of our societies continuously brought to the creation of mechanisms such as merit and competence, structuration and stratification, spheres of right or colonization in the name of the civilization. The final scope ha…

Modernity in the West had, among other things, the effect of encouraging people to distance themselves, especially from the more cultivated classes, from ecclesiastical structures, at first, and then from the Christian religion itself. This distancing had incidence on individualism, which also led t…