The oral microbiota is made of microorganisms, including bacteria and fungi, that live in the mouth and help protect against infections. This balance is important for oral and overall health. When the balance is disturbed, for example, due to antibiotic use, weak immune system, or poor oral hygiene,…

The digitalization of the justice system brings significant benefits in efficiency, transparency, and access to legal services. However, it also presents important challenges regarding the protection of citizens’ personal data. In Albania, the legal framework for data protection is based on Law No. …

TWIN-BLOCK is a removable orthodontic appliance designed by W. Clark in 1977. Is frequently used in the treatment of second class orthodontic anomalies with mandibular deficiency. In contemporary literature very little has been reported for the use of this functional appliance therefore, the main go…

Objective: This comprehensive article explores the emerging role of pharmacogenetics in optimizing treatment for chronic congenital anemias, including β-thalassemia, sickle cell disease (SCD), and rare erythropoietic disorders. It integrates a systematic review with an in-depth clinical analysis of …

In a world where every click can be turned into profit, children are becoming the protagonists of a digital transformation that is fundamentally changing the definition of work and the relationship between childhood and technology. This has created a new landscape where the lack of legal protection …

The management of Class II malocclusions accompanied by midline deviation requires individualized approaches that balance treatment effectiveness with patient tolerance to orthodontic appliances. The Pendulum appliance is a fixed orthodontic device known as an effective and reliable method for maxil…

The problems of Albanian education system are very broad and need important attention from the policy makers. Despite the efforts that have been noticed to support education, especially regarding aligning the Albanian education to that of the developed countries of the European Union, there are stil…

Introduction: Effective communication between healthcare professionals and patients is an essential component of person-centred care and has a direct impact on the quality of care, patient experience, and health outcomes. This material addresses how the communication style of healthcare professional…

Literature Review: Kaposi’s Sarcoma is a vascular tumor associated with Human Herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), which typically occurs in immunocompromised individuals. Case Report: We are reporting the case of a 67-year-old woman with a previous history of breast cancer who presented with multiple nodular pu…

The use of electronic means to handle requests for mutual legal assistance in criminal matters has become an efficient practice of cooperating states. This practice has also been legally formalized through the Second Additional Protocol to the European Convention on Mutual Assistance in Criminal Mat…

Introduction: The use of psychoactive substances among young people is an increasing challenge in Albania, with serious impacts on their physical, mental, and social well-being. This study aims to assess the level of knowledge, attitudes, perceptions, and practical experiences of young people relate…

For almost 80 years, since the UN General Assembly’s 1947 decision to create two distinct states in Palestine—one for Jews and the other for Arabs, as outlined in the Partition Plan—the conflict between Israel and the Palestinians has persisted. Recent escalations have led to violent clashes, result…