"The prison book" by Arshi Pipa and the prison poetry (1944–1990)
The Albanian literature of the second half of the twentieth century, in addition to the official side, also had the unofficial side, or better to say: in addition to the visible side, it also had the hidden side.
Parallel to the literature of socialist realism, which was installed after the Second World War in Albania as official literature, there were also created another literatures which were not controlled by ideological dogma. These literature were mainly: literature from the prison, literature from the files, and banned literature - that were created within the country, as well as literature of diaspora. While the literature of socialist realism interrupts the continuity of Albanian literature, the mentioned literature were the conti- nuation of the Albanian literature from the years ’30s-’40s of the last cen-
tury.
At a time when the so called oriented literature enjoyed the respect of the ideologues of the new society of equal people, those who were not in the path of the oriented were punished by the power, were considered the enemies of the power - because in dictatorial powers, there are only two ways: you have to be with power or against it, there was no third way. At that time, when the dictatorship was installed in Albania, beginning of the end of the Second World War until the fall of communism in the early 1990s, among the prisoners, together with war criminals, the declassed, etc., a permanent presence in prison had the writers, some of whom did not even manage to survive. Among them were Ndoc Nikaj, Bernardin Palaj, Vinçenc Prendushi, Mirash Ivanaj, then later prisoner authors Arshi Pipa, Kasem Trebeshina, Lazër Radi, Kudret Kokoshi, Trifon Xhagjika, Genc Leka, Vilson Blloshmi, Havzi Nela, Frederik Rreshpja, Pano Taçi, Maks Velo, Zyhdi Morava, Visar Zhiti; in Kosovo Adem Demaçi, Xajë Nura, Adem Gajtani, Teki Dërvishi, Beqir Musliu, until the generation of 1981, as Hydajet Hyseni, Merxhan Avdyli, Januz Januzaj, Bajram Kosumi, as well as the prisoners of the 90s, of the war of KLA, 1997-1999.
Literature of the prisoner authors will be in the focus of this paper.
Experiences of the aesthetic perception of loneliness in Albanian literature
This paper discusses the models of experiences of aesthetic perception in Albanian literature, focusing on loneliness as their object. Aesthetic perception is a cognitive capacity that reveals the qualities contained in perceptive objects, their relationships, and their ability to produce effects in illuminating human conditions. Through the phenomenology of aesthetic perception, as a component of the philosophy of perception and the philosophy of mind, the paper first highlights the connections and differences between cognitive perception and aesthetic perception, then focuses on distinguishing between the aesthetic and cognitive objects of loneliness as components of different perceptual experiences. The paper also typologizes the dominant experiences of aesthetic perception in Albanian literature, whose content is determined by the various properties of loneliness as an aesthetic object, with a special focus on the phenomenological model of perception in Teki Dërvishi’s prose.