Piezoelectric surgery in the extraction of impacted mandibular third molars
The extraction of impacted third molars (commonly known as “wisdom teeth”) represents one of the most frequent procedures in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Traditional extraction methods, including the use of elevators, chisels, and rotary burs, are often associated with significant postoperative pain, edema, trismus (difficulty in mouth opening), injury to the inferior alveolar nerve, and infections. Piezoelectric surgery, a technology based on selective ultrasonic vibrations, has emerged over the last decade as a valuable alternative. This scientific article aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the basic principles of piezosurgery, its clinical application protocol in third molar extraction, its advantages and limitations, as well as a review of data from recent studies. Available evidence suggests that piezosurgery, although associated with slightly longer operative times, significantly reduces postoperative complications, improves surgical precision, and offers a better patient experience, making it particularly valuable in complex cases and in proximity to critical anatomical structures.